XII BIOLOGY PRACTICAL- Q.4- Spotting:
(Identify the following 10 spots-)10 Marks
D) It is permanent slide of T.S. of testis.
(1) The mammalian testis is covered by an
external fibrous 'connective tissue called tunica albuginea .
{2) Internally it is covered by tunica
vascularis formed by capillaries.
(3) Externally an incomplete peritoneal covering
called tunica vaginalis is present.
4) The testis consists oJ numerous seminiferous
tubules.
(5) Cuboidal germinal epithelial cells line the
semiferous tabules.
(6) Sperm bundles get attached to Sertoli cells
with their heads.
(7) Sertoli cells provide nourishment to the
sperms.
(8)seminiferous
tubules secretion of male sex hormone the testosterone.
D) It is permanent slide of T.S. of Ovary,
1) The
ovary shows a compact structure, which consists of inner medulla and outer
cortex.
(2) The
medulla contains connective tissue called stroma. The cortex is lined by
germinal epithelium.
(3) The
cortex shows different stages of development of ovarian follicles or Graafian
follicles.
(4) Each
follicle contains a large ovum surrounded by many layers of follicular cells.
(5) Different
stages of developing ovarian follicles are seen in the cortex.
(6)
Initially a single layer offollicular cells around each oocyte is seen. It is
primordial follicle.
(7) The
primordial fallicle develops into the primary follicle which is surrounded by a
layer of follicular cells.
(8) A
clean glycoprotein layer, called the zona pellucida is seen between the primary
oocyte and the granulosa.
D)It
is permanent slide of V. S. of blastula .
(1) The outermost layer of small flattened cells
is called trophoblast.
(2) The trophoblast encloses a cavity called
blastocoel or blastocyst cavity and inner mass cells.
3)It assumes the shape of a cyst and therefore
it is now called blastocyst.
(4) The blastocyst contains a fluid which is
absorbed by the surrounding trophoblast cells
(5) The inner cell mass remains attached to one
side of trophoblast cell layer.
(6) The
trophoblast cell layer produces extra embryonic membranes.
(7)
The inner cell mass further develops into proper embryo.
E) The given Karyotype is Turners Syndrome.
Turner syndrome, a condition that affects only
females, results when one of the X chromosomes (sex chromosomes) is
missing or partially missing.
Turner syndrome can cause a variety of medical and
developmental problems, including short height, failure of the ovaries to
develop and heart defects.
To diagnose Turner syndrome, doctors use a special blood test that looks at chromosomes, called a Karyotype test.
Results that indicate TS show only one X chromosome
instead of two X chromosomes, with a total of 45 chromosomes instead of the
usual 46.
E) The
syndrome from to given Karyotype is Klinfelters syndrome.
Klinfelters syndrome(47, XXY) is a chromosomal variation in males in which one e Taller than average stature.
Longer
legs, shorter torso and broader hips compared with other boys.
Absent,
delayed or incomplete puberty.
After
puberty, less muscle and less facial and body hair compared with other
teens.,Small, firm testicles.Small penis.
Enlarged
breast tissue extra X chromosome is present, resulting
in a 47,XXY karyotype.
E) Identify and comment on the syndrome from to given Karyotype-Down syndrome
Down syndrome karyotype is formerly called trisomy 21 syndrome, human male, 47,XY,+21.
This male has a full chromosome complement plus
an extra chromosome 21. Down syndrome is a
condition in which a person has an extra chromosome.
Down's syndrome is trisomy of 21st pair of autosomes.
Hence the karyotype will show 45 autosomes and XY for a male child.
Q. 4 F Identify the disease and comment on control measures.
Malaria –Plasmodium
Amoebiasis –Entamoeba histolytica
Ascariasis –Ascaris
Ring Worm
F) The disease is
Malaria-Plasmodium. Apply
insect repellent to exposed skin. Protection
against mosquito bites include.
2.Wear
long-sleeved clothing and long pants if you are outdoors at night.
3.Use
a mosquit net over the bed if your bedroom is
not air-conditioned or screened.
4.Spray an insecticide or repellent on clothing, as mosquitoes
may bite through thin clothing.
F)The disease is
Amoebiosis-Entamoeba histolytica.
Maintain the proper disposal of sewage. Handle soiled
diapers carefully.
Drink boiled water or sealed water when traveling.
Amebiasis, also known as amoebic dysentery, is a serious
parasitic infection.
This condition can cause abdominal pain, diarrhea, and
bloody stools, or it may cause no symptoms at all.
The parasite that causes amebiasis only lives in humans and
can spread through feces, infected food or water, or sexual contact.
F)It is Disease –
Ascariasis
1. Body is elongated,
cylindrical in shape, creamy white or pinkish in colour.
2 Body is covered with cuticle.
Symptoms:
1. The disease caused
by Ascaris is called ascariasis.
2. The common symptom
is vague abdominal pain.
3. In more severe cases, the patient may experience restlessness, weight loss, anorexia, distended abdomen, intermittent loose stool and occasional vomiting. .
F) The disease
an is .-Ringworm-Trichophyton spp.
Keep your skin clean
and dry.Wear shoes that allow air to circulate freely around your feet.
Don’t walk barefoot
in areas like locker rooms or public showers clean.
Change your socks and
underwear at least once a day.
Don’t share clothing,
towels, sheets, or other personal items with someone who has ringworm.
Wash your hands with
soap and running water after playing with pets.
If you suspect that
your pet has ringworm, take it to see a veterinarian.
If your pet has ringworm, follow the steps below to prevent spreading the infection.